Oven



' April 1940- A. DEL SIGNORE 2,195,686

OVEN

Filed Nov. 16, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 L BY 1 .5 INVENTCLR I Mad/5a ATTORNEYS A ril 2, 1940. A. DEL SIGNORE 2,195,686

OVEN

Filed Nov. 16, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 n w 55 IE k, L2; '1; i21 9 25 4 5 0 y I K W.

J L 5o 1 a \k I L a i w 3 ATTORNEYS April 2,1940. A. DEL SIGNORE 2,195,686

\ OVEN Filed Nov. 16, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 ATTORNEYS April 2, 1940. L SIGNQRE r 2,195,686

OVEN

Filed Nov. 16, 1938 8 5 2g 3.9 S S I I 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 YNVENTOR ATTORNEYS Patented Apr. 2, 1940 UNITED STATE OVEN Antonio Del signmL-e; Boston, Mass.

Application November 16, 1938, Serial No. 240,830 (o1. rot-s3 6 Claims.

My invention relates to ovens and has as one of the principal objects thereof the provision of a bakers oven so constructed and arrangedas to efiect uniform heating of the baking chambers in a manner to eliminate so called hot and cold spots. r

Another'principal object of my invention is to provide an oven of the character described which is adapted to be heatedby hot air in a manner to preclude gases or smoke from entering the baking chambers.

A further principal object of my'invention is to provide an oven of the character described so constructedand arranged as to maintain the hot air continuously circulating between the hot chambers and the baking chambers therein without passing to the atmosphere unless the escape of said hot air is desired. v

Another object ofmy invention is to provide an oven of the above described character equipped with means whereby heat may be maintained therein over considerable long periods of time after the fire has been drawn or banked thereby effecting a quick heating of the oven upon vrefiring to a desired temper'ature. v

A further'object'of my invention is to provide an even of the above described character equipped with means for generating steam for the baking chambers.

An important object of my invention is to provide an oven equipped with a plurality of radiators for receiving and maintaining heated air whereby to-maintain the baking chambers in a heated condition over considerable periods of time after the fire has been drawn or banked.

Another. important object of my invention .is to provide an oven wherein the flues or conduits for conducting theheated air through and about thebaking chambers are so arranged as to evenly distribute said heated air in a manner to eliminate hot and cold spots'within said baking chambers.

v A special object of my invention is to -.provide an oven of the character described which is simple in construction, eihcient in operation.

durable in use and economical in maintenance.

Another special object of my inventionis to provide a steam generating unit adaptable for attachment to a bakers oven and operable through the 'medium' of the oven fire for generating steam for the baking chambers.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description; appended claims and annexed drawings.

Referring to the drawings wherein like refer- 2, respectively. a

line 9--9 of Figure 8.

ence characters designate like parts throughout theseveral views: I

Figure 1 is a front elevation of my invention. Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3-is a sectional 3,-3 of Figure 2. v

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4ofFigure1.' v p I Figures 5, 6, '7 and 8 are sectional views taken on the lines 5-5, 6-6, 1--'l and 8--'8 of Figure view taken on the line Figure 9 is a detail sectional view'taken on the Figure 10 is a detail fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of the steam generating unit.

Inpracticing my invention I providean oven 5 constructed with top, bottom, frontg'rear and end walls 6, 1, 8, 9 and I0 respectively. The end walls It] extend an appreciable distance below the bottom wall 1 and serve as supports for said oven.

Centrally disposed'connected. sections of said bottom and front walls I and 8 likewise extend below the bottom wall proper and'have formed therein a vertically disposed cul-de-sac ll divided intermediate the ends thereof by a fire grate I2, the latter forming within said cul-desac an upper fire box l3 and a-lower ash pit l4.

Passages l5 andlB provide access to the fire box and ash pit respectively whereby fuel is in troduced into said fire boxand ashes removed from said ash pit. Said passages 15 and iii are closed'by doors I! and I8 hinged on the front wall 8. The passage I6, having, communication.

with the ash pit I4, isdisposed at the lower end of said pit and ashes allowed to accumulate within said pit will smother the fire on said grate and thereby eliminate damage to the grate.

Above the bottom wall I the oven is formed with a horizontally extending chamber I!) having communication at the front end thereof with is centrally divided by a transversely extending partition 2|) having. locatedon each side thereof a spaced wall 2| andwhich coacts with the oppositewall 2! to form a pair of spaced laterally subjacent from an upper parallel extending parthe upper end of the fire box 13. Said chamber tition 25. The partitions 24 and 25 are connected, intermediate the ends thereof, with a transversely separating wall 26 coacting with the partitions 23 and 24 and the walls 8, 9 and H] of said oven to provide a pair of baking chambers 28. The partition 24 constitutes the bases of said baking chambers and are provided with floors 29 as clearly illustrated in the drawings. The partition 25 is spaced below the top wall '6 of the oven and coacts therewith and the side, front and end walls 8, 9 and 0 to provide an outlet chamber 36 overlying said baking chambers and having an outlet port 3! at the front end thereof extending upwardly through the top wall 6. Subjacent the roof 22a, the walls 2! are provided with spaced openings 32 having sealed therein the inner open ends 33 of a plurality of spaced and laterally extending radiators 34 positioned within thecompartments 22 whereby the hot gases from the fire box are trapped within said radiators to effect radiation of heat there- ,from over a considerable period of time. It is to be understood that upon firing of the oven, the hot gases enter said radiators and force the cool gases therefrom. The inner faces of the radiators are plain while the outer faces thereof are corrugated or fluted as illustrated in Figure 8 of the drawings. 1

The rear ends of the compartments 22 communlcate with the rear lower ends of the outlet chamberiii by means of a pair of spaced upwardly extending fines 340. formed in the rear wall 9. Suitable dampers 341) are provided Within said flues 34a for controlling the gases passing upwardly therethrough.

The front corners'of the oven are provided with downwardly extending fiues 35 effecting communication between the compartments 22 at the bottom thereof and the baking chambers 28. Said fines are controlled by dampers 3% pivotally operable by rods 5! equipped with handles 38 without the front wall 8; When the radiators 34 are heated by'the hot gases from the fire box, the air exteriorly of and surrounding said radiators and within the compartments 22 will likewise be heated and said exteriorly heated air will be conducted upwardly through fiues39 from the rear of said compartments 22 into the rear of said baking chambers 28 and is circulated through said chambers and downwardly through said fiues 35 into said compartments for reheating by radiators. Access is had'to the baking chambers 28 through passages 4! extending through the front wall 8 and said passages are normally closed by doors 42 hinged to said front wall in the usual manner. I

A clean-out passage 43 is also provided in said front wall above the passage I5 for permitting cleaning of thecompartments 22 and said passage Sllis likewise closed by a door 44. Each of the horizontally extending partitions 24 and 25 are provided with horizontally extending spaced I-beams 5, the ends of which are supported within the side walls H} whereby to reenforce and rigidly support saidpartitions. The top wall 6 has extending therethrough a plurality of spaced inverted T-beams it, the ends of which are. supported by the side walls l whereby to reenforce said top wall.

In the operation of the oven it is desirable in some instances to supply the baking chambers with steam and for this purpose I provide a transversely extending header 59, in each of the compartments 22, and on the rear upper ends What I claim is:

of the radiators therein. The outer ends of the headers are connected together with a longitudinally extending pipe equipped between said headers with a T 52to which is secured a vertically extending pipe 54 located without and adjacent the front wall 8. The upper end of the pipe 54 is connected to a water reservoir 55 for supplying water to the headers as hereinafter set forth. The pipe 54 is provided with a control valve 56 whereby to regulate the quantity of water supplied to said headers. i

The inwardly extending ends of the pipes 5i the inner or closed ends of the headers, the pipes 5! are perforated on the lower faces thereof and the upper faces of said pipes are maintained in proximity to the upper sections of the headers thereby providingsubjaoent the pipes 5! substantial spaces which are partially filled with sand 58 or the like.- The inner ends of the headers. are upwardly disposed and have connected thereto steam pipes 59, the upper ends of which communicate with the upper interior cfthe'baking chambers at the outer sides thereof as clearly illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. The headers, intermediate the length thereof, are also provided with a plurality of horizontally disposed spaced gsteam pipes 65 having. vertically extending end sections effecting communication with the baking chambers throughthe tops of the side walls thereof as clearly illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. Obviously, water discharged through the-perforations of the pipes 5! onto the sand 58 within the headers will be generated into steam through the medium of the heat from the radiators .34 and said steam communicated to the baking chambers throughthe steam pipes 59 and 60. I

- From the foregoing it will be apparent that the hot; gasestrapped in the radiators 34 will maintain. the oven in a heated condition over a vconsiderableperiod of time after the fire-has beendrawn or banked and also enables quick refiring of the oven in aminimum amount of time. Furthermore, it will be apparent that by without departing from the spirit of the invention or scope of the appended claims l. A bakers oven, comprising, top, bottom, front, rear and sidewalls, a fire box subjacent said bottom wall, a pair of spaced laterally extending compartments arranged above; said bot- 7 tom wall, a plurality of spaced radiators within said compartments and having communication with said firebox whereby to receive hot gases therein from said fire box to effect heating of said compartments, and spaced baking chambers above said compartments, said rear, wall provided with a pair of fiues effecting communication between said compartments and said baking chambers whereby heated air fromsaid compartments is introduced into said bakingchambers, said front wall fashioned with a pair of spaced flues effecting communication between said baking chambers and said compartments and c'oacting with said first mentioned lines to effectcirculation of heated air. through. said baking chambers, a horiare closed by caps 51. Between the caps 51 and l circulating heated 'air above and below the bakzontally disposed partition overlyingsaid baking chambers and spaced from said top wall and coacting with the latter to form an outlet chamber,

said rear wall formed with a pair of fines effect. ing communication between said fire box and said outlet chamber for circulating heated gases over saidbaking chambers.

2. A bakers oven, comprising, top, bottom, front, rear and side walls, a fire box subjacent said bottom wall, a pair of spaced laterally extending compartments arranged above said bot-v with said first mentioned fiues to effect circula-'- tion of heated air through said baking chambers, a horizontally disposed partition overlying said baking chambers and spaced from said top wall and coacting with the latter to form an outlet chamber, said rear wall formed with a pair of fiues effecting communication between said fire box and said outlet chamber for circulating heated gases over saidbaking chambers, and dampers within said first mentioned fiues for maintaining gases from said fire box within said radiators. 3. A bakers oven, comprising, top, bottom,

front, rear and side wallsya; fire box vsubjacent said bottom wall, a pair of spaced laterallyv extending compartments arranged above said bottom wall, a plurality of spaced radiatbrs within said compartments and having communication with said fire box whereby to receive hot gases therein from said fire box to effect heating of said compartments, spaced baking chambers above said compartments, said rear wall provided with apair of fiues effecting communication between said compartments and saidbaking. chambers,

whereby heated air from said compartments is introduced into said baking chambers,'said front wall fashioned with a pair of spaced fiues effect-- ing communication between said baking chambers and said compartments and coacting with said first mentioned fines to effect circulation of heated air through said baking chambers, a horizontally disposed partition overlying said baking chambers and spaced from said top' wall and coacting with the latter to form an outlet chamber, said rear wall formed with a pair of fiues efiecting communication between said fire box and said outlet chamber for circulating heated gases over said baking chambers, and dampers within said second mentioned flues for ,maintaining heated air within said baking chambers.

4. A bakers oven, comprising, top, bottom, front, rear and side walls, a fire boxsubjacent said bottom wall, a pair of spaced laterally extending compartments arranged above said bottom wall, a plurality of spaced radiators within said compartments and having-communication with said fire box whereby to receive hot gases therein from said fire box-to effect heating of said compartments, spaced baking chambers above said compartments, said rear Wall provided with a pair of fines effecting communication between said compartments and said baking chambers whereby heated air from said compartments is introduced into said baking chamber, said front wall fashioned with a pair of spaced flues eifect ing communication between said baking chambers and said compartments and coacting with said 1 first mentioned fines to effect circulation of heated air through saidbaking chambers, a horizontally, disposed partition overlying said baking chambers and spaced from said top wall andcosaid rear-wall formed with a pair of fines effecting acting'with the latter to form an outlet chamber,

communication between said fire box and said outlet chamber for circulating heated gases over said, baking chambers, dampers within said first mentioned flues formaintaining gases from said fire box within said radiators, and dampers within said second mentioned fines for maintaining heat- I,

'ed air'within said baking chambers.

5;.A bakers oven, comprising, top, bottom, front, rear and side walls, a fire box subjacent said bottom wall, a heating chamber arranged above said bottom wall and formed with a pair of spaced laterally extending compartments and communicating with said fire box, a plurality of spacedradiators withinsaid compartments and having communication with said fire box whereby to receive hot gases therein from said fire box to effect heating of said compartments, and spaced baking chambers abovesaid compartments; said rear wall'provided with afpair of fiues efiecting communication between said compartments and said baking chambers whereby heated air from said compartments is introduced into said baking chambers, said front wall fashioned with a pair ofspaced fiues effecting communication between said baking chambers'and said compartments and "coacting with said first mentioned fiues to effect circulation of heated air through said baking,

chambers, a horizontally disposed partition. over-' lying said baking chambers and spaced from said 'topwall and coacting with the latter to form an outlet chamber, said rear wall formed with a pair of fines efiecting communication between said heating chamber and said outlet chamber'for circulating heated air over said bakingchambers.

6. The elements of claim 5 as set forth" and defined therein including dampers within said first mentioned fiues for maintaining gases from said fire boxwithin said radiators.

I I AN'ronIo DEL SIGNORE. 

